Trailer Shouting: Talking PLC4TRUCKS Remotely with an SDR
Ben Gardiner demonstrates using Software Defined Radios (SDR) to transmit and decode SAE J2497 (PLC4TRUCKS) signals over the air, spoofing heavy vehicle trailer brakes.
Summary
The Architecture of Power Line Communications in Heavy Trucks
Commercial tractor-trailers utilize the SAE J2497 (PLC4TRUCKS) protocol to communicate between tractor cab controllers and trailer Anti-Lock Braking Systems (ABS) over DC power lines.
Unintended RF Emissions from Trailer Wiring
Ben Gardiner and team discover that high-frequency PLC signals radiate significantly from unshielded tractor-trailer power cables acting as broadcast antennas.
Over-the-Air Transmission and Packet Injection with SDRs
Gardiner demonstrates using low-cost SDR hardware to transmit J2497 FSK packets wirelessly, manipulating trailer ABS brake diagnostic commands from a distance.
Mitigations for Commercial Vehicle Fleets
The presentation discusses physical shielding, cryptographic protocol extensions, and testing guidelines for heavy vehicle cybersecurity.
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