Introduction to ACARS
Introduces the ACARS protocol, demonstrates live message decoding with an RTL-SDR, and reviews risks in CPDLC datalinks.
Summary
Origins and Structure of ACARS
The Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) evolved from early telex messaging into a standardized digital datalink protocol used across VHF, HF, and SATCOM links.
Capturing and Decoding Transmissions with SDR
Setting up an inexpensive RTL-SDR receiver enables enthusiasts and researchers to intercept unencrypted ACARS transmissions broadcast in plaintext and decode airline operations, weather, and telemetry data.
Vulnerabilities in CPDLC and Data Links
Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) utilizes ACARS networks to transmit air traffic instructions directly to cockpits. The lack of native authentication introduces risks of spoofed route clearances or message tampering.
The Evolution Toward ACARS Over IP
Modern e-enabled aircraft are transitioning toward internet protocol datalinks, expanding onboard connectivity while requiring modern cryptographic protections to replace legacy broadcast radio architectures.
Related talks
Aerospace Village·23 min
Allan Tart · Fabian Landis
Demonstrates how to build an inexpensive multichannel VHF receiver using a Raspberry Pi and RTL-SDR to record ATC audio.
Aerospace Village·22 min
Matt Smith
Evaluates how 30 commercial pilots respond in flight simulators to simulated ADS-B, ACARS, and IFE cyberattacks.
Aerospace Village·15 min
Leeloo Granger
Leeloo Granger evaluates wireless attacks on certified Garmin GTN750 avionics hardware, demonstrating live GPS and Mode S spoofing in a certified testbed.